醫學研究趨勢

Association between CRP /ALB ratio and three month mortality in acute heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

This study highlights the prognostic significance of the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) in patients with acute heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Conducted as a prospective single-center study, it found that higher CAR values at admission were associated with increas...

N6-methyladenosine modification of mRNAs in retinal ischemia-reperfusion in mice.

The abstract discusses retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIR) as a key pathogenic mechanism in acute glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and central retinal vein occlusion.

A deep learning framework for recognizing skin changes secondary to chronic venous insufficiency in clinical photographs: a multicentre validation study.

This study presents a pose-guided deep learning pipeline for classifying chronic venous insufficiency (CVI)-related skin lesions from clinical photographs. Utilizing a multicentre dataset of 8672 images, the ResNet-34 architecture achieved an internal AUROC of 0.922, with balanced sensitivity and...

24-hour movement behaviors patterns and their influencing factors in patients with coronary heart disease: a latent profile analysis.

This study identifies three subtypes of 24-hour movement behaviors in patients with coronary heart disease: Sedentary-Low Activity, Low-Intensity Active, and Active. It highlights that patients with better cardiac function and lower kinesiophobia are more likely to engage in higher levels of phys...

Causal relationship and pathogenic mechanism analysis of breast cancer and coronary heart disease based on mendelian randomization and transcriptome data analysis.

This study investigates the genetic causal relationship between breast cancer (BC) and coronary heart disease (CHD), revealing a significant correlation in Asian populations. Using large-scale GWAS data and transcriptome analysis, five key genes were identified that can independently predict BC p...

Barriers to satisfactory primary care contacts for Swedish cancer survivors: a cross-sectional survey.

This study investigates barriers faced by Swedish cancer survivors in accessing satisfactory primary care. A digital questionnaire was distributed to patients diagnosed with colorectal, lung, breast, or prostate cancer, revealing that 67% of respondents experienced barriers to care. The findings ...

Ectopic calcitonin-secreting pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor mimicking medullary thyroid carcinoma.

This case report discusses a 54-year-old man with elevated serum calcitonin levels, initially raising suspicion for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). However, further investigation revealed high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma, emphasizing the importance of considering ectopic calcitoni...

Deep learning single-cell analysis for cytologic evaluation of oral potentially malignant disorders.

The study presents a deep learning model for classifying cell phenotypes in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), demonstrating strong correlations with histopathologic diagnoses. Key findings include significant changes in cell proportions associated with disease severity and an oral can...

Bioinformatics analysis of PFKFB family in pan-cancer and preliminary exploration of PFKFB4 in bladder cancer.

This study investigates the role of the phosphofructokinase-fructose bisphosphatases (PFKFBs) family in tumors and the immune microenvironment across 33 cancer types. It identifies differential expression and diagnostic biomarker potential of PFKFBs, revealing their association with immune checkp...

Engineered GelMA Microgels for Locoregional Doxorubicin Release and Apoptosis Induction in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

This study addresses the unmet need for localized chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by engineering photocrosslinked gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) microgels for sustained doxorubicin delivery. The microgels demonstrated significant cytotoxic effects on oral cancer cells ...

This article reviews a study on the relationship between statin use and the risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It found that short-term statin use may increase ALS risk, while long-term use appears to lower it, suggesting reverse causation rather than a protective effect of statins. The...

Reduced Dose-Direct Oral Anticoagulant Vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of reduced-dose direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in adults with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Analyzing data from seve...

Antidepressant use and dementia, cognitive measures, and neuroimaging outcomes: A population-based cohort study.

This study investigates the association between baseline antidepressant use and the risk of developing dementia. In a cohort of 461,464 participants, 7.3% reported antidepressant use, with a follow-up revealing that 1.7% developed dementia. The results indicate that baseline antidepressant use is...

Enhancing plasticity to treat depression and other central nervous system diseases using event-driven pharmacology.

This review explores the concept of event-driven pharmacology (EDP) in psychopharmacology, highlighting how plastogens, such as ketamine, can induce long-lasting neural plasticity and metaplasticity. The findings suggest that traditional drug development models may need to adapt to accommodate th...

Health related self efficacy and associated factors among patients with chronic diseases at university of Gondar comprehensive specialize hospital.

This study assessed health-related self-efficacy (HRSE) among 410 patients with chronic diseases at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. The findings revealed that only 25.6% of participants had good HRSE, with higher educational levels and comorbidities linked to better o...

Towards standardized gut microbiota diagnostics: normobiosis beyond geographical borders.

This study evaluated the identification of dysbiosis in a standardized, geography-independent manner using a microbiome diagnostic framework. An analysis of 831 stool samples from healthy individuals and patients with inflammatory bowel disease across seven countries demonstrated that dysbiosis c...

Immune evasion in locally advanced mismatch repair-deficient microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer: Reduced T-cell infiltration and upregulation of epithelial IDO1 expression.

This study examines the immune microenvironment in early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) with microsatellite instability, analyzing tissue samples from 217 patients. It finds that stage I/II tumors have higher levels of immune markers, such as CD3⁺ T-cells and natural killer cells, compared to stag...

Colorectal cancer landscape from gut microbiota: Insights into mutations, epigenetic dysregulation, and immune microenvironment alterations.

This review discusses the role of gut microbiota in reshaping the molecular landscape of colorectal cancer (CRC), highlighting how microbes and their metabolites contribute to tumor initiation and progression through mechanisms such as driver mutations and epigenetic alterations. It emphasizes th...

Analysis of efficacy and safety of transarterial embolization sequential microwave ablation for hepatic hemangioma.

This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of transarterial embolization (TAE) followed by microwave ablation (MWA) for treating hepatic hemangiomas (HH). In a single-center retrospective analysis of 122 patients, technical success was achieved in all cases, with an efficacy rate of 87.3%. Six ...

Role of PANoptosis in the development of gastric immunity and related gastric mucosal disease (Review).

This review discusses PANoptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death linked to innate immune responses, and its implications in gastric mucosal diseases. It highlights the characteristics of PANoptosis and its potential role in conditions such as acute gastric mucosal injury, infectious gastri...

Systemic depletion of CD11b+ cells improves metabolic function in murine model of sleep apnea induced by intermittent hypoxia.

This study investigates the role of CD11b+ monocytes and macrophages in metabolic dysfunction associated with intermittent hypoxia (IH) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Using a transgenic mouse model, the researchers found that depleting CD11b+ cells significantly improved insulin sensitivity an...

Blood mNGS: an effective non-invasive diagnostic tool for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.

This study evaluated the use of blood metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in diagnosing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) among 73 suspected patients. The findings indicate that blood mNGS can effectively distinguish PJP from colonization, achieving an AUC of 0.80 with high specifi...

Sex differences in sleep disturbances in middle childhood: findings from an urban pediatric cohort study.

This study investigates sex differences in sleep patterns among children aged 6-12 years from low-income urban areas. It finds that male children are more likely to experience short sleep duration and low sleep efficiency, with significant odds ratios indicating these risks. Additionally, male se...

Insights into extracellular vesicles in senescence-associated chronic lung diseases.

Chronic lung diseases, linked to aging, have a high prevalence and limited treatment options. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in disease progression by mediating inflammation, fibrosis, and cellular senescence. Key microRNAs and proteins in EVs are influential in these processes...

AI meets sleep surgery: assessing drug-induced sleep endoscopy interpretation with a large language model.

This study investigates the use of a large language model in interpreting drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) videos for obstructive sleep apnea treatment recommendations. In a prospective study involving 16 adults, human raters showed high agreement with clinical standards, while the language mo...

Insulin autoimmune hypoglycemia unmasking monoclonal gammopathy in type 2 diabetes.

This case report discusses a 58-year-old South Asian man with type 2 diabetes who experienced recurrent hypoglycemia due to insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS). Despite stopping glucose-lowering medications, he had a plasma glucose level of 38 mg/dL and elevated insulin levels. Treatment with dieta...

Type B insulin resistance syndrome coexisting with aplastic anemia responsive to early immunosuppressive therapy.

This case report discusses a 77-year-old woman with obesity who developed type B insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) and aplastic anemia. Despite high doses of insulin, her hyperglycemia was refractory until immunosuppressive therapy was initiated, which led to some improvement. However, complicati...

A rare case of gliclazide-induced symptomatic bradycardia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This case report discusses a 68-year-old male with type 2 diabetes who developed bradycardia after starting gliclazide. The heart rate was found to be 42 beats per minute, with Holter monitoring revealing sinus bradycardia and pauses. The symptoms resolved after discontinuation of gliclazide, hig...

Late-onset autoimmune diabetes in 2 octogenarians: diagnostic misclassification and therapeutic heterogeneity.

This study presents two cases of octogenarians diagnosed with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) who were initially treated as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The first patient, an 84-year-old man, showed significant improvement in glycemic control after transitioning to automated insul...

Intermittent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia due to a

(No abstract provided)

This study investigates the metabolic effects of low-protein diets (LPD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) through murine models and a randomized controlled trial involving nondiabetic CKD patients. The results indicate that LPD improves glucose tolerance and reduces circulating levels of gut-deriv...

Psychological resilience mediates the impact of anxiety and insomnia on health-related quality of life in maintenance dialysis patients.

This study investigates the impact of anxiety, insomnia, and psychological resilience on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in maintenance dialysis patients. Involving 207 participants, it finds that higher anxiety and insomnia scores correlate with lower HRQoL scores, with specific decreases...

Gut microbiota biomarkers of chronic kidney disease progression identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and machine learning.

This study investigates microbial biomarkers linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression using 16S rDNA sequencing and machine learning techniques. A cohort of patients with varying stages of CKD and healthy controls provided fecal samples for analysis. Significant differences in microbial...

Compartment syndrome is associated with acute kidney injury following revascularisation in patients with lower extremity arterial occlusive disease: a retrospective cohort study.

This study investigates the occurrence of compartment syndrome (CS) in patients undergoing revascularisation for lower extremity arterial occlusive disease (LEAOD). Among 153 patients, CS was observed in 29 (19.0%), with those affected exhibiting more severe ischemia and metabolic disturbances. A...

Oral Nanoaggregate Probe for Noninvasive Urinalysis of Acute Kidney Injury.

The study introduces a noninvasive diagnostic method using oral-to-urinalysis, highlighting the potential of a nanoaggregate probe (MB-ES) for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI). The probe shows favorable oral applicability and is activated by esterase to release methylene blue, indicat...

FGFR1 signaling in rheumatoid arthritis: Mechanisms of bone destruction and therapeutic targeting (Review).

This review discusses the role of Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), highlighting its upregulation in inflamed joints and its involvement in bone loss and cartilage degradation. The findings suggest that targeting FGFR1 could significantly reduce bone loss a...

Decoding the lipid etiology of atherogenic index of plasma and gout: establishing the causal role of triglycerides through NHANES, Mendelian randomization, and network pharmacology.

This study investigates the causal relationships between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and gout, focusing on its components triglycerides (TG) and HDL-C. The findings indicate that AIP is positively associated with gout prevalence, primarily mediated by HDL-C. TG is shown to have a signif...

Injectable, Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Collagen Hydrogel for Peptide-Directed and On-Demand Nanotherapy of Osteoarthritis.

This study presents a novel peptide-modified collagen hydrogel that responds to reactive oxygen species (ROS) for targeted cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis. The hydrogel enhances mechanical integrity and stability while promoting chondrogenesis and macrophage polarization in vitro. In viv...

Comparative Effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Care Model vs Usual Care in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Clinical Outcomes and Patient Adherence.

This study investigates the impact of a specialized nurse-led care (NC) model on clinical remission rates in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients over 12 months. A total of 415 patients were analyzed, revealing that the NC group achieved a remission rate of 41.7%, significantly higher than the usua...

Gastrointestinal perforation due to lupus enteritis in early-stage systemic lupus erythematosus.

This case report discusses a 31-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed lupus enteritis leading to colonic perforation. Despite initial treatments, he experienced worsening abdominal pain and was found to have extensive necrosis and perforation of the descending colon. Emerge...

Adverse Drug Reactions Associated With Longer All-Oral MDR/XDR-TB Regimens: Prospective Pharmacovigilance Evidence From a High-Burden Tertiary Care Setting in North India.

This study evaluated the safety profile of longer all-oral regimens for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in India. A total of 102 patients were enrolled, achieving a treatment success rate of 77.5%. The study reported 158 adverse drug reactions (ADRs)...

Detection and antimicrobial susceptibility of genital mycoplasmas in women and men, with 23S rRNA and parC mutation analysis in Mycoplasma genitalium.

This study investigates the prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium in infertile and fertile individuals in Hormozgan Province, Iran. Among 400 participants, Mycoplasma DNA was found in 22%, with higher rates in infertile individuals. Notably, 31.1% of M. genitalium isolates sh...

Rickettsia massiliae and its public health significance across Palearctic and Oriental regions: a scoping review.

This scoping review focuses on Rickettsia massiliae, detailing its transmission, diagnostic methods, and distribution in the Palearctic and Oriental regions. It identifies multiple arthropod vectors, including various tick genera and highlights the epidemiological importance of dogs, sheep, cattl...

Diagnostic accuracy of CRP and myeloperoxidase as a 2-marker biosignature for the diagnosis of symptomatic TB.

This study addresses the urgent need for rapid tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics through non-sputum-based tests. It evaluates the combination of C-reactive protein (CRP) and Myeloperoxidase (MPO) as a two-protein signature in diagnosing TB. The study involved 109 serum samples from adults with TB-lik...

Sepsis in Dogs and Cats-Consensus Definition and Clinical Criteria.

This study addresses the definition and identification of sepsis in small animals, specifically cats and dogs, highlighting the need for alignment with human medicine definitions. It emphasizes that sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection leading to organ dysfunction....

Homoharringtonine in combination with Tanshinone IIA suppresses the progression of lymphoma cells by downregulating the Akt/MMP signaling pathway.

This study investigates the effects of homoharringtonine (HHT) and tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on lymphoma cells, demonstrating that their combined treatment significantly inhibits cell viability and proliferation, induces apoptosis, and lowers VEGF levels. The results indicate a promising therapeut...

Primary hyperparathyroidism unmasking after dienogest-altered estrogen dynamics: implications for calcium homeostasis.

This case report discusses a 33-year-old woman with suspected parathyroid adenoma and normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). After starting dienogest for menorrhagia, she experienced increased PTH levels and mild hypercalcemia. Imaging confirmed the parathyroid adenoma, which was resec...

Pragmatic Clinical Trial of Fostamatinib as Second-Line Therapy in Adult Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenia and Insufficient Response to Prior Therapy: The Fostamatinib FORTE Trial.

(No abstract provided)

Breaching the Blood-Brain Barrier: Evolving Strategies for Central Nervous System Disease in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

This review addresses the critical role of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and its impact on treatment outcomes. It highlights the effectiveness of modern CNS prophylaxis and the challenges posed by immunotherapy-based regimens, particularly in...

An ensemble machine learning approach for predicting anemia among under-five children in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan African countries.

This study addresses the significant public health issue of anemia in children under five in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan Africa. Utilizing a cross-sectional design with a sample of 21,249, the research developed a machine learning model, specifically XGBoost, which demonstrated high accuracy and ...

Mode of delivery in women with versus without psychiatric vulnerability.

This study investigates the impact of psychiatric vulnerability on delivery methods among primiparous women. It found that while the overall mode of delivery did not differ between women with and without psychiatric vulnerability, those using psychotropic medications had double the odds of requir...

Characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury and its associations with thyroid and sex hormones in adolescents with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.

This study investigates non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), revealing a prevalence of 66.0% in MDD and 58.3% in BD. It identifies sex-specific associations, with females exhibiting higher rates of NSSI. In BD, lower tes...

Mechanisms of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in difficult-to-treat depression: moderation and mediation analyses from the RESPOND trial.

This study investigates the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in individuals with difficult-to-treat depression (DTD). It finds that higher baseline depressive severity is associated with greater symptom improvement and that increases in decentering partially mediate the trea...

Heartbeat-evoked potentials reveal interoceptive dysfunction in clinical disorders: Experimental frameworks and promising applications.

This review discusses interoception, the ability to perceive internal physiological signals, focusing on heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP) as a neurophysiological marker. It categorizes HEP research methodologies into three experimental designs based on information flow: bottom-up sensory input, t...

Effectiveness of adherence therapy to improve medication adherence for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia within the context of community-based mental health care: A systematic review.

This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of adherence therapy (AT) in improving medication adherence among individuals with schizophrenia. It included ten randomized controlled trials and found that AT is significantly associated with enhanced medication adherence and better patient outc...

Efficacy and drug survival after transitioning to IL-17 inhibitors in patients with psoriasis who did not respond to IL-23 inhibitors: analysis from the BIOREP registry.

This study analyzed the efficacy of switching from IL-23 inhibitors to IL-17 inhibitors in psoriasis patients. Out of 102 patients, 90.2% switched due to insufficient efficacy of IL-23 inhibitors. After 3 months, 82.6% achieved PASI-75, and 66.3% reached an absolute PASI ≤ 1. The overall survival...

Phenylalanine exacerbates psoriasiform inflammation through NF‑κB‑mediated dendritic cell activation and Th17 polarization.

This study highlights the role of metabolic dysregulation, particularly phenylalanine accumulation, in psoriasis pathogenesis. It demonstrates that a high-phenylalanine diet worsens skin inflammation, while dietary restriction or L-type amino acid transporter inhibitors can alleviate it. The find...

Prognostic Factors in Primary Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Large-Scale, Multi-Institutional Competing-Risks Analysis.

This study analyzed data from 8,610 patients with head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma to identify independent prognostic factors. Key findings include that tumor diameter, poor differentiation, deep invasion, and large-caliber perineural invasion are critical predictors of outcomes. A...

Cross-Sectional Survey of Unmet Needs in Children With NF1 and Cutaneous Neurofibromas: The Role of Pediatric Dermatology.

This study assessed pediatric dermatologists' roles and barriers in treating neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) through a survey of 131 respondents. It found that while these specialists are engaged in diagnosis and follow-up, they are underrepresented in multidisciplinary clinics, with surgical exci...

Selective Depletion of Tumor-Infiltrating CD4

This study highlights the role of regulatory T cells in ovarian cancer and the challenges in developing strategies to target these cells effectively.

Treatment Choice in Neovascular Glaucoma: Pars Plana Vitrectomy First, Followed by Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation, or Both Simultaneously?

This study compares the long-term outcomes of simultaneous pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation versus sequential AGV implantation in patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). It includes 39 eyes and finds that both approaches are safe and effective, with simila...

A clinician aligned vision language framework for stepwise interpretation in fundus fluorescein angiography.

Clin-FFA-VLM is a multimodal vision-language framework designed to enhance the interpretation of fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) for diagnosing retinal vascular diseases. It decomposes the interpretation process into three stages and was validated on a large dataset, achieving high F1 scores...

Computational fluid structure interaction analysis between aqueous humor and corneal shell.

This study investigates the shear stress distribution on the corneal endothelium using a fluid-structure interaction model. Key anatomical parameters were incorporated, and results indicated that aqueous flow generates endothelial shear stresses exceeding 120 Pa, which is critical for understandi...

Tomographic predictors of foveal versus extrafoveal atrophy onset in intermediate age-related macular degeneration.

This study investigates the association between baseline foveal tomographic lesions and the onset patterns of complete retinal pigment epithelial and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA) in intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD). In a retrospective cohort of 129 eyes, it was found that 83....

Retinal organoids and stem cell therapy for vision restoration: current progress, persistent challenges, and future directions.

This article discusses the challenges and advancements in vision restoration through stem cell treatments and retinal organoid technology. It highlights the potential of PSC-derived cells in enhancing visual function and their neuroprotective capabilities. Despite significant obstacles such as ce...

An interpretable machine learning model for predicting febrile seizures following enterovirus infection in children.

This study developed an interpretable machine learning model using the XGBoost algorithm to predict the risk of febrile seizures (FS) in children with enterovirus infections. In a cohort of 446 hospitalized children, the model achieved a training set AUC of 0.972 and an internal validation AUC of...

Screening of pediatric patients with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract for associated congenital heart disease in a tertiary care setting.

This study screened 300 pediatric patients with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) for associated congenital heart disease (CHD). The findings revealed that 7% of patients had CHD, with atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect being the most common lesions. Not...

The impact of multiplex panel testing on ascertainment of pertussis-attributable, non-infant deaths: national surveillance from England.

This study evaluates the impact of multiplex panel testing on the identification of pertussis-related deaths in England, particularly during a national outbreak in 2023/24. It found that of 34 potentially pertussis-related deaths, only 11 were confirmed as such, indicating a significant number of...

Diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen detection tests for group A Streptococcus in children with extrapharyngeal infections: systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) for identifying Group A Streptococcus (GAS) in children with extrapharyngeal infections. The review included 16 studies with 1,737 unique patients, showing RADTs have a high sensitivity of 92% and a ...

Association of Atomoxetine Discontinuation Patterns with CYP2D6 Phenotype in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

This study investigates the association between CYP2D6 phenotypes and treatment outcomes of atomoxetine in children and adolescents with ADHD. Among 108 patients, 13 were poor, 30 intermediate, 61 normal, and 4 ultra-rapid metabolizers. Normal and ultra-rapid metabolizers had a higher likelihood ...

External ventricular drain safety campaign and opportunities for global neuroanesthesiology quality and safety.

The External Ventricular Drain (EVD) Safety Campaign is a global initiative aimed at improving the management of EVDs, focusing on reducing complications associated with their insertion and maintenance. This review highlights the need for ongoing research and quality improvement efforts in neuroa...

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation initiation timing and prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review evaluates the timing of ECMO initiation and its impact on patient outcomes. Out of 30 studies analyzed, a significant correlation was found between delayed ECMO initiation and increased mortality, with 60% of studies indicating that prolonged initiation times lead to worse ...

Isolation and genomic analysis of otomycosis pathogens, and genomics-informed antimicrobial peptide design with potential therapeutic applications.

This study addresses the public health challenge of fungal infections, specifically otomycosis, by integrating clinical otoscopy, cerumen culture, and whole genome sequencing of an Aspergillus terreus AT-1 isolate. The findings reveal that A. terreus AT-1 was identified from the affected ear, and...

Effect of Safety Management Program on Critical Incidents During Patient Transport: Experience From Single Critical Care Transport System.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a structured safety management program (SMP) in reducing critical incidents during interhospital transport (IHT). A retrospective analysis of data from a single critical care transport system revealed that before SMP implementation, there were 107 inciden...

Drug-of-abuse screening in the era of POCT: a persistent technological gap.

(No abstract provided)

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for postoperative nausea and vomiting in gynecological laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trial protocol.

This study investigates the efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following gynecological laparoscopic surgery. A total of 200 patients will be enrolled and randomized into taVNS and sham groups. The primary outco...

Injectable, Moderately Adhesive, and Thermoresponsive Hydrogel for Preventing Disc Reherniation by Obstructing the Annulus Fibrosus.

This study addresses the recurrence of lumbar herniation in up to 25% of patients post-disc microdiscectomy due to limited self-healing of the annulus fibrosus. It introduces an injectable hydrogel (TX) designed to obstruct the annulus fibrosus and prevent reherniation. The study evaluates the ph...

Ultra-flexible wireless endovascular stimulator for cortical simulation.

(No abstract provided)

Lung Size Measurement in Left-Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Does Position of the Fetus Affect Results?

This study investigates the impact of fetal position on lung size measurements in fetuses with left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (L-CDH). It finds that lung size estimates are significantly higher when measured with the lung close to the ultrasound probe, with an average increase of 11.3...

CT Versus Ultrasound in Young Women With Right Iliac Fossa Pain: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study.

This study evaluated imaging modalities in women aged 16-55 presenting with acute right iliac fossa pain. It found that CT had a higher diagnostic accuracy than ultrasound, with significant differences in negative appendicectomy rates. The findings suggest that while CT exposes patients to radiat...

Empathy and healing: supporting patients and families after miscarriage.

This paper discusses the emotional burden of miscarriage, emphasizing the importance of empathetic and patient-centered communication in clinical care. It highlights barriers to compassionate practice and suggests strategies for improvement, such as enhanced communication training and sensitive l...

Biomarker screen-guided care for preterm birth risk in nulliparous pregnancies: a subgroup analysis of the PRIME randomized controlled trial.

The PRIME trial evaluated a biomarker-guided care strategy for nulliparous pregnancies at risk of preterm birth. This subgroup analysis found that the screen-guided care significantly reduced composite neonatal morbidity and NICU admissions compared to routine care. Specifically, the NICU admissi...

An analysis of the outcome of 2,443 women applying to be donors at a commercial egg bank in the USA.

This study investigates the recruitment processes for egg donors at a commercial egg-bank in Florida, analyzing anonymized records of 2,443 applicants from 2018 and 2019. It found that only 2.5% of applicants were accepted for egg donation, with no significant difference in acceptance rates based...

Prenatal Ultrasonographic Diagnosis and Postnatal Management of Fetal Bladder Lymphangioma: A Case Report.

This report discusses a rare case of fetal bladder lymphangioma diagnosed prenatally at 35 weeks of gestation. An ultrasound revealed a cystic abdominal mass measuring approximately 9.6 cm × 5.6 cm × 7.0 cm. Following delivery at term, the neonate underwent surgical treatment, and histopathology ...

Neighborhood Characteristics and Depressive Symptoms Among Black Pregnant Women in Two Midwest Metropolitan Areas.

This study examines the impact of residential racial composition on depressive symptoms among Black pregnant women. Analyzing data from 565 women, it found that a 1% increase in the percentage of Black residents correlated with a 0.66-point decrease in depressive symptoms as measured by the CES-D...